AFRICAN-AMERICANS
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During urbanization African-Americans began to migrate to northern cities.They migrated because of the job opportunity in the Northern factories. They were poor uneducated, and struggled. Despite being said to have all the rights of a citizen, there was Segregation, At first the states passed Jim Crow laws that legalized the segregation.Then the U.S. Supreme Court legalized it on a national level in the Plessy v. Ferguson stating that there could be separate but "equal" facilities for different races. There was Segregation in almost all public places such as schools,transportation, and restrooms.
Because most blacks were unskilled and uneducated Booker T. Washington made a plan for bettering their lives. He created the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, It was a normal school for blacks were teachers taught about industrial trades. There George Washington Carver studied the peanut, sweet potato, and soybean and came up with many uses for them. Booker felt the way for blacks to advance in the South was through bettering themselves economically. unlike Washington W.E.B. DuBois. was a Harvard intellectual who thought that Washington's way put blacks in a little box of manual labor only. DuBois help start the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. but most blacks felt that Washington's way was better and more practical |
Group of Florida migrants on their way to Cranbury, New Jersey to pick potatoes,near Shawboro, North Carolina, July 1940.
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